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Professor Hazel Rymer

Hazel Rymer

Profile summary

  • Visiting Informal Academic
  • Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics
  • hazel.rymer

Web links

Professional biography

I am presently Pro Vice Chancellor Learning & Teaching Innovation. before that I was Dean and Director of Studies in the Faculty of Science and Profesor of Environmental Volcanology.

Research interests

I have developed and championed the use of microgravity as a tool for monitoring active volcanoes. I have used this method to identify sub-surface processes at calderas in a state of unrest and at persistently active volcanoes and this has given geoscientists considerable insight into the range of mechanisms responsible for initiating and sustaining volcanic activity. The technique I pioneered is now the standard method for gravity monitoring on volcanoes; it remains the only way to quantify the sub-surface mass changes that occur before, during and after eruptions.
 
 

Recent funded projects;

Earthwatch, The Centre for Field Research. 2016
Environmental impact of persistently active volcanoes. ca. £31,918
 
Earthwatch, The Centre for Field Research. 2015
Environmental impact of persistently active volcanoes. ca. £31,918
 
Earthwatch, The Centre for Field Research. 2014
Environmental impact of persistently active volcanoes. ca. £31,918
SEG Foundation Geoscientists without Borders. 2013
iVolcán – Developing Integrated Volcano Monitoring and Hazard Mitigation Programs at Persistently Degassing Volcanoes. $100,000
 
Earthwatch, The Centre for Field Research. 2013
Environmental impact of persistently active volcanoes. ca. £16,375
 
Earthwatch, The Centre for Field Research. 2012
Environmental impact of persistently active volcanoes. £17,500
 
Earthwatch, The Centre for Field Research. 2011
Icelandic volcanoes £16,100
Environmental impact of persistently active volcanoes. £28,500
 
Earthwatch, The Centre for Field Research. Volcano 2010
Environmental impact of persistently active volcanoes. £51,600

ARKeX Matched funding for PhD Studentship. New method for predicting natural hazards
£30k

Earthwatch, The Centre for Field Research. Volcano 2009
Environmental impact of persistently active volcanoes. ca. $32k
 
Earthwatch, The Centre for Field Research. Volcano 2008
Environmental impact of persistently active volcanoes. £10,500
 
The Royal Society International Incoming Short Visits 2007/R3
The physics behind volcanic eruption triggering. £3982
 
NERC Small grant Dec. 2007 NE/F011598/1
Gravity measurements of magma movements; detection of possible precursors to new eruption in Iceland. £19,960
Fundación para el Fomento en Asturias de la Investigación Aplicada y laTecnología (FICYT). (Spain) 2008
Geophysical instrument development 5867 Euro (internship for Beatriz Izquierdo)
FARO Global grant programme (Spain) 2008
Geophysical instrument development 5625 Euro (internship for Guillermo Caravantes)
Santander-Abbey Fellowship 2008
Potential field geophysics insights into local structural controls on two active Chilean Andes volcanoes: Hornopiren and Chaiten. Approx. £5k (3 month fellowship for Andreas Pavaz)
 

Patents

 

1.      GB patent application GB0612049.7 – Low Cost Gravity Meter. Rymer, H. and Matela, R.J. Application filed 19-06-2006.

 

2.      US6668646 – Gravity Meter. Rymer, H. and Matela, R.J. Publication date 30-12-2003. G

 

3.      B2376751 – Gravity Meter. Rymer, H., Matela, R.J. and Davies, M.A. Publication date 24-12-2002.

 

Authored Books

 

1.      S. Sparks, S. Self, J. Grattan, C. Oppenheimer, D. Pyle, & H. Rymer  (2005) Super-eruptions: global effects and future threat[online]. Report of a Geological Society of  London Working Group. The Geological Society  (2nd (print) Edn.). Also available from:

http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/education/page2540.html

2.      H. Rymer & S. Drury (2003) Earth’s Engine. S339 Block 1 Open University 94pp. ISBN 0 7492 5665 6

3.      P.J. Smith & H. Rymer (1993)  How the Earth Works. S267 Block 1. Open University 285pp. ISBN- 0749281626 

Edited Books

1.      H. Sigurdsson, B. Houghton, S. McNutt, H. Rymer, and S. Stix, (eds.)  (2015) Encyclopedia of Volcanoes, Elsevier. ISBN – 978-0-12-385938-9

2.      H. Sigurdsson, B. Houghton, S. McNutt, H. Rymer, and S. Stix, (eds.)  (1999) Encyclopedia of Volcanoes, Academic Press. 1417 pp. ISBN - 0 12 643140-X.

Chapters in Books

1.     ‘Hazards of Volcanic Gases’ by Williams-Jones, G and Rymer, H. in Sigurdsson, H., Houghton, B., McNutt, S., Rymer, H. and Stix, S. (eds.) (2015), Encyclopedia of Volcanoes Elsevier DOI 10.1016/B978-0-12-38938-9.00057-2 (50% contribution)

2.      Ground deformation, gravity and magnetics’ by Freymueller, J.T., Murray, J.B., Rymer, H and Locke, C.A. in Sigurdsson, H., Houghton, B., McNutt, S., Rymer, H. and Stix, S. (eds.) (2015), Encyclopedia of Volcanoes Elsevier DOI 10.1016/B978-0-12-38938-9.00064-X (50% contribution)

3.     ‘Microgravity studies at Mount Etna (Italy)’ by Budetta, G., Carbone D., Greco F. and Rymer, H., in Calvari S., Bonaccorso A., Coltelli M., Del Negro C., Falsaperla S., (eds) (2004), Mt. Etna Volcano Laboratory. Geophysical Monograph. Series. 143AGU. pp, 384ISBN 0-87590-408-4 

4.      ‘Eruption of Mount St Helens’ in Tallack, P. (ed ) (2001), The Science Book Cassell & Co.  pp 462. ISBN 0304 359181

5.      ‘Volcano monitoring synthesis’ by McNutt, S., Rymer, H. and Stix, J. in Sigurdsson, H., Houghton, B., McNutt, S., Rymer, H. and Stix, S. (eds.) (2000), Encyclopedia of Volcanoes Academic Press 1165-1183. ISBN - 0 12 643140-X 

6.      ‘Ground deformation, gravity and magnetics’ by Murray, J.B., Locke, C.A. and Rymer, H. in Sigurdsson, H., Houghton, B., McNutt, S., Rymer, H. and Stix, S. (eds.) (2000), Encyclopedia of Volcanoes Academic Press 1121-1140. ISBN - 0 12 643140-X 

7.      ‘Hazards of Volcanic gases’ by Williams-Jones, G. and Rymer, H. in Sigurdsson, H., Houghton, B., McNutt, S., Rymer, H. and Stix, S. (eds.) (2000) Encyclopedia of Volcanoes Academic Press 997-1004. ISBN - 0 12 643140X 

8.      ‘Volcanic Eruption Prediction’ in S802 Science and the Public. Part A Case Study. (1998). Open University SUP 392183

9.      ‘Gravity methods’ in Scarpa, R. & R. Tilling, R. (eds.) (1996)  Monitoring and mitigation of Volcanic hazards Springer-Verlag 169-197. ISBN-3540607137

10.      ‘Microgravity monitoring’ in Barberi, F., Casale, R., & Fantechi, R. (eds.) (1996) The Mitigation of Volcanic Hazards European Commission, Luxembourg pp 259-310 ISBN-9282769127

11.      ‘Microgravity monitoring’ in McGuire, W.J., C. Kilburn, C. & Murray, J.B. (eds.)(1995) Monitoring active volcanoes; strategies, procedures and techniques' UCL Press London pp 217-247 ISBN-1857280369

12.  ‘Predicting volcanic eruptions using microgravity, and the mitigation of volcanic hazard’ in Merriman, P.A. & C.W.A. Browitt, C.W.A. (eds.) (1993).  In Natural Disasters: protecting vulnerable communities Thomas Telford, London pp 252-269 ISBN-072771936X

13.  ‘The Changing Earth’ in Allen, J. (ed.) (1988) Inside Science BBC Books pp. 110-121  ISBN- 0 563 21410 4

Articles in Refereed Journals

1.      Carbone, D., Zuccarello, L., Messina, A., Scollo, S. and Rymer, H. 2015. Balancing bulk gas accumulation and gas output before and during lava fountaining episodes at Mt. Etna. Scientific Reports. DOI: 10.1038/srep18049 

         Gunn, L.S., Blake, S., Jones, M.C. and Rymer, H. 2013. Forecasting the duration of volcanic eruptions: An empirical probabilistic model. Bulletin of Volcanology 76(1); 780 DOI 10.1007/s00445-013-0780-8

2.      de Zeeuw van Dalfsen, E., Rymer, H., Pedersen, R., Sturkell, E., Sigmundsson, F. and Ófeigsson, B. 2013. Geodetic data shed light on ongoing caldera subsidence at Askja, Iceland. Bulletin of Volcanology 75:709 DOI 10.1007/s00445-013-0709-2

3.      Carbone, D., Zuccarello, L., Montalto, P and Rymer, H. 2011. New geophysical insight into the dynamics of Stromboli volcano (Italy). Gondwana Research doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2011.09.007

4.      Rymer, H. Locke, C.A., Ófeigsson, B.G., Einarsson, P. and Sturkell, E.2010. New mass increase beneath Askja volcano, Iceland – a precursor to renewed activity? Terra Nova doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3121.2010.00948.x 

5.      Carbone, D., Zuccarello, L., Saccorotti, G., Rymer, H. and Rapisarda, S. 2010. The effect of inertial accelerations on the higher-frequency components of the signal from spring gravimeters’ Geophysical Journal International doi: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2010.04644.x 

6.      Rymer, H., Locke, C.A., Borgia, A., Martinez, M., Brenes, J., van der Laat, R. And Williams-Jones, G. 2009. Long-term fluctuations in volcanic activity: implications for future environmental impact. Terra Nova  21, 304–309,DOI 10.1111/j.1365-3121.2009.0885.x 

7.      Wooller, L.K., van Wyk de Vries, B.,  Cecchi, E. and & Rymer, H. 2009. Analogue models of the effect of long-term basement fault movement on volcanic edifices. Bulletin of Volcanology DOI 10.1007/s00445-009-0289-3

8.      Williams-Jones, G., Rymer, H., Mauri, G., Gottsmann, J., Poland, M. and Carbone, D. 2008. Towards continuous 4D microgravity monitoring of volcanoes. Geophysics 73 (6) 19-28.

9.      Gottsman, J., Camacho, A.G., Marti, J., Wooller, L. Fernández, J., Garcia, A. and Rymer,H. 2008. Shallow structure beneath the Central Volcanic Complex of Tenerife from new gravity data: Implications for its evolution and recent reactivation. Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors 168: 212–230.

10.  Gottsman, J., Carniel, R., Coppo, N., Wooller, L., Hautman, S. and Rymer, H. 2007. Oscillations in hydrothermal systems as a source of periodic unrest at caldera volcanoes: Multiparameter insights from Nisyros, Greece. Geophysical Research Letters 34, Art. No. L07307, DOI:10.1029/2007GL029594.

11.  Gottsmann, J., Wooller, L. Martí, J., Fernández, J., Camacho, A.G., Gonzalez, P.J., Garcia, A., and Rymer, H. 2006. New evidence for the reawakening of Teide volcano. Geophysical Research Letters 33 (20): Art. No. L20311. 

12.  Gottsmann, J., Rymer, H. & Berrino, G. 2006. Unrest at the Campi Flegrei (Italy): a critical evaluation of source parameters from geodetic data inversion. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 150 (1-3) 132-145. 

13.  Gottsmann, J., Folch, A. and Rymer, H. 2006. Unrest at Campi Flegrei: A contribution to the magmatic versus hydrothermal debate from inverse and finite element modelling. Journal of Geophysical Research 111, B07203, DOI:10.1029/2005JB003745.

14.  de Zeeuw-van Dalfsen, E., Rymer, H., Williams-Jones, G., Sturkell, E. and Sigmundsson, F. 2006. Integration of micro-gravity and geodetic data to constrain shallow system mass changes at Krafla volcano, N Iceland. Bulletin of Volcanology 68 (5) 420-431 DOI 10.1007/s0445-005-0018-5.

15.  Rymer, H., Locke, C.A., Brenes, J. and Williams-Jones, G. 2005. Magma plumbing processes for persistent activity at Poás Volcano, Costa Rica. Geophysical Research Letters32 art no. L08307

16.  Gottsmann, J., Rymer, H. and Wooller, L.K. 2005. On the interpretation of gravity variations in the presence of active hydrothermal systems: Insights from the Nisyros Caldera, Greece, Geophysical Research Letters 32, L23310, DOI:10.1029/2005GL024061.

17.  de Zeeuw-Van Dalfsen E, Rymer H, Sigmundsson F. and Sturkell, E. 2005. Net gravity decrease at Askja volcano, Iceland: constraints on processes responsible for continuous caldera deflation, 1988-2003.  Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 139 (3-4): 227-239.

18.  Gottsmann, J., Fournier, N.E. & Rymer, H. 2004. g_log4PDA: an application for continuous monitoring of gravity using LaCoste&Romberg Aliod 100 systems and Palm OS® run hand-held computers. Computers & Geosciences 30, (5) 553-558.

19.  Wooller, L., van Wyk de Vries, B., Muray, J.B., Rymer, H and Meyer, S. 2004. Volcano spreading controlled by dipping substrata. Geology 32 (7) 573-576.

20.  Fournier, N., Rymer, H., Williams-Jones, G. and Brenes, J. 2004. High-resolution gravity survey: Investigation of subsurface structures at Poás volcano, Costa Rica.  Geophysical Research Letters 31 (15) art no. L15602.

21.  Carbone, D., Budetta, G., Greco, F. and Rymer, H. 2003. Combined discrete and continuous gravity observations at Mount Etna. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 123 (1-2) 123-135.

22.  Williams-Jones, G., Rymer, H. and Rothery, D.A. 2003. Gravity changes and passive SO2 degassing at the Masaya caldera complex, Nicaragua. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 123 (1-2) 137-160.

23.  Gottsmann, J., Berrino, B., Rymer, H. and Williams-Jones, G. 2003.  Hazard assessment during caldera unrest at the Campi Flegrei, Italy: A contribution from gravity-height gradients. Earth & Planetary Science Letters 211 (3-4) 295-309.

24.  Locke, C.A, Rymer, H and Cassidy, J. 2003. Magma transfer processes at persistently active volcanoes: insights from gravity observations. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 127 (1-2) 73-86.

25.  Rymer, H. and Williams-Jones, H. 2003. Special issue – Volcanic hazards: Monitoring, predicting and mitigations – introduction. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 123 (1-2) 73-86.

26.  Williams-Jones, G. and Rymer, H. 2002. Detecting volcanic eruption pre-cursors: a new method using gravity and deformation measurements. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 113 (1-2) vii-viii. 

27.  Gottsmann, J. and Rymer, H. 2002. Deflation during caldera unrest: constraints on subsurface processes and hazard prediction from gravity-height data. Bulletin of Volcanology 64 338-348.

28.  Rymer, H. and Williams-Jones, G. 2000. Volcanic eruption prediction: Magma chamber physics from gravity and deformation measurements.  Geophysical Research Letters 27 (16) 2389-2392.

29.  Rollin, P.J., Cassidy, J., Locke, C.A., Rymer, H. 2000. Evolution of the magmatic plumbing system at Mount Etna: new evidence from gravity and magnetic data. Terra Nova 12 193-198.

30.  Rymer, H., Cassidy, J., Locke, C.A., Barboza, V., Barquero, J., Brenes, J. and van der Laat, R. 2000. Geophysical studies of the recent 15-year eruptive cycle at Poás Volcano, Costa Rica.  Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 97 425-442.

31.  Carbone, C. and Rymer, H. 1999. Calibration shifts in a LaCoste & Romberg gravimeter - comparison with a Scintrex CG-3. Geophysical Prospecting 47 73-83.

32.  Delmelle, P., Baxter, P., Beaulieu, A., Burton, M., Francis, P., Garcia-Alvarez, J., Horrocks, L., Navarro, M., Oppenheimer, C., Rothery, D., Rymer, H., St. Armand, K., Stix, J., Strauch, W. and Williams-Jones, G. 1999. Origin & effects of Masaya volcano’s continued unrest probed in Nicaragua. EOS, Transactions, AGU. 80 (48) 575-581. 

33.  Rymer, H., Ferrucci, F. and Locke, C.A. 1998. Mt. Etna: monitoring in the past, present and future. In Lyell: the past is the key to the future. (eds D.J Blundell and A.C. Scott) Geological Society Special Publication 143 335-347.

34.  Rymer, H., van Wyk de Vries, B., Stix, J. and Williams-Jones, G.1998.  Pit crater structure and processes governing persistent activity at Masaya Volcano, Nicaragua. Bulletin of Volcanology 59 345-355.

35.  Rymer, H., Cassidy, J., Locke, C. A. and Sigmundsson, F. 1998. Post-eruptive gravity changes from 1990 to 1996 at Krafla volcano, Iceland. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 87 141-149.

36.  Rymer, H. and Locke, C.A.  1995.   Microgravity and ground deformation precursors to eruption: a review. Cahiers du Centre European de Geodynamique et de Seismologie  8 21-39.

37.  Rymer, H., Cassidy, J., Locke, C.A. & Murray, J.B. 1995.  Magma movements in Etna volcano associated with the major 1991-1993 lava eruption: evidence from gravity and deformation.  Bulletin of Volcanology  57 451-461.

38.  Rymer, H, Brown, G. C., Ferrucci, F. and Murray, J. B.  1994.  Dyke intrusion mechanisms on Etna 1989-1993 and microgravity precursors to eruption.  Acta Vulcanologica   4 109-114.

39.  Rymer. H.  1994.  Microgravity changes as a precursor to volcanic activity. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 61 311-329.

40.  Rymer, H., Murray, J. B., Brown, G. C., Ferrucci. F. and McGuire, W. J. 1993.  Mechanisms of magma eruption and emplacement at Mt. Etna between 1989 and 1992.  Nature 361 439-441.

41.  Rymer, H. and Tryggvason, E.  1993.  Gravity and elevation changes at Askja, Iceland. Bulletin of Volcanology 55 362-371.

42.  Berrino, G., Rymer, H., Brown. G. C. and Corrado, G.1992. Gravity - height correlations for unrest at calderas. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 53 11-26.

43.  Brown, G. C., Rymer, H. and Stevenson, D. 1991. Volcano monitoring by microgravity and energy budget analysis. Journal of the Geological Society of London 148 585-593.

44.  Brown, G. C., Everett, S. P., Rymer, H., McGarvie, D. W. and Foster, I. 1991. New light on caldera evolution, Askja, Iceland. Geology 19 352-355.

45.  Brown, G. C. and Rymer, H. 1991. Microgravity monitoring of active volcanoes: a review of theory and practice. Cahiers du Centre European de Geodynamique et de Seismologie4 279-304.

46.  Rymer, H. 1991. Microgravity studies at Póas volcano, Costa Rica. Cahiers du Centre European de Geodynamique et de Seismologie 4 325-331.

47.  Dowden, J., Kapadia, P., Brown, G. C. and Rymer, H. 1991. The dynamics of a geysir eruption. Journal of Geophysical Research 96 18059-18071.

48.  Brown, G. C., Rymer, H., Dowden, J., Kapadia, P., Stevenson, D., Barquero, J. and Morales, L. D. 1989. Energy budget analysis for Poás crater lake: implications for predicting volcanic activity. Nature 339 370-373.

49.  Rymer, H. 1989.  A contribution to precise microgravity data analysis using LaCoste and Romberg gravity meters. Geophysical Journal 97 311-322.

50.  Rymer, H. and Brown, G. C. 1989.  Gravity changes as a precursor to volcanic eruption at Poás volcano, Costa Rica. Nature 342 902-905.

51.  Brown, G. C., Rymer, H. and Thorpe, R. S. 1987. The evolution of andesite volcano structures: New evidence from gravity studies in Costa Rica. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 82 (3,4) 323-334.

52.  Rymer, H. and Brown, G. C. 1987.  Causes of microgravity change at Poás volcano, Costa Rica: an active but non-erupting system. Bulletin of Volcanology 49 389-398.

53.  Rymer, H., Morales, L. D., Brown, G. C. 1987. Microgravity monitoring at Poás volcano 1983-1986. Revista Geologia de America Central 6 75-101.

54.  Rymer, H. and Brown, G. C. 1986.  Gravity fields and the interpretation of volcanic structures: geological discrimination and temporal evolution. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 27 229-254.

55.  Thorpe, R. S., Brown, G. C., Rymer, H., Barritt, S. & Randal, M. 1985. Volcano monitoring in northern Costa Rica. Earthquake Information Bulletin 17 (2) 44-49.

56.  Rymer, H. and Brown, G. C. 1984.  Periodic gravity changes at Poás volcano, Costa Rica. Nature 311: 243-245.

 

Popular and Commissioned Review Articles

 

1.      ‘Heavenly Hot Spots? Hot Dog!’ Times Higher Education Supplement 10 March 2006 storycode 201888.

2.      ‘Predicting the next Supereruption’ Open University Geological Society Journal (2004) (25) 1 1-5.

3.       ‘How man learnt to live with lava’ Times Higher Education Supplement (2000) 26,797 32. Storycode 157106.

4.      ‘Living with volcanoes’ Geology Today (2000) 16 (1) 26-31.

5.      ‘A field found in the bush’ Times Higher Education Supplement 29 Jan 1999 storycode 158997.

6.      ‘The ulimate lawbreakers’ Times Higher Education Supplement (1997)1292 24.

7.      ‘Shocks and Rocks: Seismology in the plate tectonics revolution’. Nature (1996) 383 684-684.

8.      ‘Volcanoes’  Physics Review  (1996) 6 2-5.

9.      ‘Was there life after the big bang?’  Times Higher Education Supplement  23 Feb 1996 storycode 163489.

10.  ‘Making sure of one's ventifacts’ Times Higher Education Supplement  (1996) 1243 23.

11.  ‘Volcano Plumbing’  Science Spectra  (1996) 7 80-84.

12.  ‘Blowing Hot and Cold’  Scope  (1996) 42 4.

13.  ‘Global outlooks’ Nature (1996) 383 684.

14.  ‘Coexisting with volcanoes’ Technology Review (1996) 99 (5) 73.

15.  ‘The Geoff Brown memorial meeting: Geophysical monitoring of volcanic activity - advances during the IDNDR’ by Khan, M. A. & Rymer, H. Geoscientist  (1995) 5 (1) 32-33. (50% contribution)

16.  ‘When the Earth boils’ Times Higher Education Supplement  (1995) 1181 20-21.

17.  ‘Eye-witness eruption’  Times Higher Education Supplement 29 Sept 1995 storycode 161516.

18.  ‘Banging around Britain.’ Times Higher Education Supplement  (1995) 1193 28

19.  ‘Volcanoes’  GCSE Science Review Catalyst  (1995) 5 (3) 1-5.

20.  ‘Coal and other mines of information’  Times Higher Education Supplement  (1994) 26/8/94

21.  ‘Fired Earth’  Outdoor s Illustrated  (1993) 3 (18)  53-59

22.  ‘Volcano Dynamics’  Graduate Scientist and Engineer (1992) 13 (3): 26-27

23.   ‘Hot and bothered’  Times Higher Education Supplement  (1992) 1019  16

24.   ‘Under the volcano: a tale of some gravity’  New Scientist. (1991) 1301763; 40-44

 

 

Teaching interests

OU teaching has been at all levels, from introductory to Masters and PhD teaching. I have taught on geophysics courses and on public engagement courses.

Impact and engagement

My research uses Citizen Scientists to help collect data on the geophysical signatures and the environmental impact of persistently active volcanoes. The imapct has been that  local visitor centres, national parks and civil defence authorities as appropriate have solicited advice and guidance on action and policy.

Publications

The Impact of Dynamic Emissivity−Temperature Trends on Spaceborne Data: Applications to the 2001 Mount Etna Eruption (2022)
Rogic, Nikola; Bilotta, Giuseppe; Ganci, Gaetana; Thompson, James O.; Cappello, Annalisa; Rymer, Hazel; Ramsey, Michael S. and Ferrucci, Fabrizio
Remote Sensing, 14, Article e1641(7)

Tracking the behaviour of persistently degassing volcanoes using noble gas analysis of Pele's hairs and tears: A case study of the Masaya volcano (Nicaragua) (2021-06)
Cogliati, Simone; Sherlock, Sarah; Halton, Alison; Reid, Kerry; Rymer, Hazel and Kelley, Simon
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 414, Article 107212

Spaceborne EO and a Combination of Inverse and Forward Modelling for Monitoring Lava Flow Advance (2019-12)
Rogic, Nikola; Cappello, Annalisa; Ganci, Gaetana; Maturilli, Alessandro; Rymer, Hazel; Blake, Stephen and Ferrucci, Fabrizio
Remote Sensing, 11, Article 3032(24)

Structures controlling volcanic activity within Masaya caldera, Nicaragua (2019-04-19)
Caravantes González, Guillermo; Rymer, Hazel; Zurek, Jeffrey; Ebmeier, Susanna K.; Blake, Stephen and Williams-Jones, Glyn
Volcanica, 2(1) (pp. 25-44)

Persistent nesting by Anthophora Latreille, 1803 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) bees in ash adjacent to an active volcano (2016-04)
Erenler, Hilary E.; Orr, Michael C.; Gillman, Michael P.; Parkes, Bethan R. B.; Rymer, Hazel and Maes, Jean-Michel
Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 92(2) (pp. 67-78)

Gravity measurements on chips (2016-03-31)
Rymer, Hazel
Nature, 531 (pp. 585-586)

Balancing bulk gas accumulation and gas output before and during lava fountaining episodes at Mt. Etna (2015-12-10)
Carbone, Daniele; Zuccarello, Luciano; Messina, Alfio; Scollo, Simona and Rymer, Hazel
Scientific Reports, 5, Article 18049 (pp. 1-11)

Forecasting the duration of volcanic eruptions: an empirical probabilistic model (2014-01)
Gunn, L. S.; Blake, S.; Jones, M. C. and Rymer, H.
Bulletin of Volcanology, 76, Article 780(1)

Geodetic data shed light on ongoing caldera subsidence at Askja, Iceland (2013-05)
de Zeeuw van Dalfsen, Elske; Rymer, Hazel; Pedersen, Rikke; Sturkell, Erik; Sigmundsson, Freysteinn and Ófeigsson, Benedikt
Bulletin of Volcanology, 75(5) (pp. 709-722)

New geophysical insight into the dynamics of Stromboli volcano (Italy) (2012)
Carbone, Daniele; Zuccarello, Luciano; Montalto, Placido and Rymer, Hazel
Gondwana Research, 22(1) (pp. 290-299)

New mass increase beneath Askja volcano, Iceland – a precursor to renewed activity? (2010-08)
Rymer, Hazel; Locke, Corinne; Ófeigsson, Benedikt G.; Einarsson, Páll and Sturkell, Erik
Terra Nova, 22(4) (pp. 309-313)

The effect of inertial accelerations on the higher frequency components of the signal from spring gravimeters (2010-08)
Carbone, D.; Zuccarello, L.; Saccorotti, G.; Rymer, H. and Rapisarda, S.
Geophysical Journal International, 182(2) (pp. 772-780)

Analogue models of the effect of long-term basement fault movement on volcanic edifices (2009)
Wooller, Luke; van Wyk de Vries, Benjamin; Cecchi, Emmanuelle and Rymer, Hazel
Bulletin of Volcanology, 71(10) (pp. 1111-1131)

Long-term fluctuations in volcanic activity: implications for future environmental impact (2009)
Rymer, Hazel; Locke, Corinne; Borgia, Andrea; Martinez, Maria; van der Laat, Rodolfo and Williams-Jones, Glyn
Terra Nova, 21(4) (pp. 304-309)

Shallow structure beneath the Central Volcanic Complex of Tenerife from new gravity data: implications for its evolution and recent reactivation (2008-07)
Gottsmann, J.; Camacho, A. G.; Marti, J.; Wooller, L.; Fernandez, J.; Garcia, A. and Rymer, H.
Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 168(3-4) (pp. 212-230)

Towards continuous 4D microgravity monitoring of volcanoes (2008)
Williams-Jones, Glyn; Rymer, Hazel; Mauri, Guillaume; Gottsmann, Joachim; Poland, Michael and Carbone, Daniele
Geophysics, 73(6) (pp. 19-28)

Oscillations in hydrothermal systems as a source of periodic unrest at caldera volcanoes: Multiparameter insights from Nisyros, Greece (2007)
Gottsmann, Joachim; Carniel, Roberto; Coppo, Nicolas; Wooller, Luke; Hautman, Stefanie and Rymer, Hazel
Geophysical Research Letters, 34(L07307)

Integration of micro-gravity and geodetic data to constrain shallow system mass changes at Krafla Volcano, N Iceland (2006-04)
Bulletin of Volcanology, 68(5) (pp. 420-431)

Unrest at the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy): A critical evaluation of source parameters from geodetic data inversion (2006-02-01)
Gottsmann, Joachim; Rymer, Hazel and Berrino, Giovanna
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 150(1-3) (pp. 132-145)

New evidence for the reawakening of Teide volcano (2006)
Gottsmann, J.; Wooller, L.; Martí, J.; Fernández, J.; Camacho, A.G.; Gonzalez, P.J.; Garcia, A. and Rymer, H.
Geophysical Research Letters, 33, Article L20311(20)

Unrest at Campi Flegrei: A contribution to the magmatic versus hydrothermal debate from inverse and finite element modeling (2006)
Gottsmann, J.; Folch, A. and Rymer, H.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 111(B7) (B07203)

On the interpretation of gravity variations in the presence of active hydrothermal systems: Insights from the Nisyros Caldera, Greece (2005-12-10)
Gottsmann, J; Rymer, H. and Wooller, L.K
Geophysical Research Letters, 32(23)

Magma plumbing processes for persistent activity at Poás Volcano, Costa Rica (2005-04-21)
Rymer, Hazel; Locke, Corinne A.; Brenes, Jorge and Williams-Jones, Glyn
Geophysical Research Letters, 32(8) (L08307)

Net gravity decrease at Askja volcano, Iceland: constraints on processes responsible for continuous caldera deflation, 1988–2003 (2005-01-15)
de Zeeuw-van Dalfsen, Elske; Rymer, Hazel; Sigmundsson, Freysteinn and Sturkell, Erik
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 139(3-4) (pp. 227-239)

High-resolution gravity survey: Investigation of subsurface structures at Poás volcano, Costa Rica (2004-08-03)
Fournier, Nicolas; Rymer, Hazel; Williams-Jones, Glyn and Brenes, Jorge
Geophysical Research Letters, 31(8) (L15602)

Volcano spreading controlled by dipping substrata (2004-07)
Wooller, Luke; van Wyk de Vries, Benjamin; Murray, John B.; Rymer, Hazel and Meyer, Stephanie
Geology, 32(7) (pp. 573-576)

g_log4PDA: An application for continuous monitoring of gravity using LaCoste&Romberg Aliod 100 systems and Palm OS® run hand-held computers (2004-06)
Gottsmann, Joachim; Fournier, Nicolas and Rymer, Hazel
Computers and Geosciences, 30(5) (pp. 553-558)

Magma transfer processes at persistently active volcanoes: insights from gravity observations (2003-09)
Locke, Corinne A.; Rymer, Hazel and Cassidy, John
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 127(1-2) (pp. 73-86)

Hazard assessment during caldera unrest at the Campi Flegrei, Italy: a contribution from gravity–height gradients (2003-05)
Gottsmann, Joachim; Berrino, Giovanna; Rymer, Hazel and Williams-Jones, Glyn
Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 211(3-4) (pp. 295-309)

Combined discrete and continuous gravity observations at Mount Etna (2003-04-15)
Carbone, Daniele; Budetta, Gennaro; Greco, Filippo and Rymer, Hazel
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(1-2) (pp. 123-135)

Gravity changes and passive SO2 degassing at the Masaya caldera complex, Nicaragua (2003)
Williams-Jones, Glyn; Rymer, Hazel and Rothery, David A.
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 123(1-2) (pp. 137-160)

Detecting volcanic eruption precursors: a new method using gravity and deformation measurements (2002-03-30)
Williams-Jones, Glyn and Rymer, Hazel
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 113(3-4) (pp. 379-389)

Volcanic eruption prediction: Magma chamber physics from gravity and deformation measurements (2000)
Rymer, Hazel and Williams-Jones, Glyn
Geophysical Research Letters, 27(16) (pp. 2389-2392)

Post-eruptive gravity changes from 1990 to 1996 at Krafla volcano, Iceland (1998-12)
Rymer, Hazel; Cassidy, John; Locke, Corinne A. and Sigmundsson, Freysteinn
Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 87(1-4) (pp. 141-149)

Gravity and elevation changes at Askja, Iceland (1993-07)
Rymer, Hazel and Tryggvason, Eysteinn
Bulletin of Volcanology, 55(5) (pp. 362-371)

Hazards of Volcanic Gases (2015-03-31)
Williams-Jones, Glyn and Rymer, Hazel
In: Sigurdsson, Haraldur; Houghton, Bruce; McNutt, Stephen R.; Rymer, Hazel and Stix, John eds. The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes (2nd Edition) (pp. 985-992)
ISBN : 9780123859389 | Publisher : Elsevier

Ground deformation, gravity and magnetics (2015)
Freymueller, Jeffrey T.; Murray, John B.; Rymer, Hazel and Locke, Corinne A.
In: Sigurdsson, Haraldur; Houghton, Bruce; McNutt, Stephen; Rymer, Hazel and Stix, John eds. The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes (pp. 1101-1123)
ISBN : 978-0-12-385938-9 | Publisher : Academic Press | Published : USA

The Encyclopedia of Volcanoes (2nd ed) (2015)
Sigurdsson, Haraldur; Houghton, Bruce; McNutt, Stephen; Rymer, Hazel and Stix, John eds.
ISBN : 978-0-12-385938-9 | Publisher : Academic Press | Published : London

Gravity Meter (2004)
Matela, Raymond and Rymer, Hazel