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Dr Sam Eden

Profile summary

Professional biography

I joined the OU in 2007. An EPSRC Post-doctoral Fellowship at the Life Sciences Interface (2007-10) and a Marie Curie Intra-European Reintegration Grant (2008-11) enabled me to establish a new experimental facility to analyse multi-photon ionization processes in fundamental biomolecules and their hydrated clusters. I have am currently supported by an EPSRC Career Acceleration Fellowship (2011-16) and an EPSRC Standard Research Grant (2013-15) both focusing on the production and stabilities of biomolecular cluster anions. As an intermediary between isolated molecules and condensed material, the study of molecular clusters can enhance our understanding of radiation effects on the nanoscale with applications in medicine, nanotechnology, atmospheric physics, and astrochemistry.

Before joining the OU, I was a researcher (Marie Curie Intra-European Fellow, CNRS Associate Researcher, and Ministry of Research Post-doctoral Researcher) in the Particle Matter Interactions Group led by Bernadette and Michel Farizon at the Nuclear Physics Institute of Lyon.

Research interests

 Please see the OU Molecular Clusters Group pages.

Teaching interests

I am the module chair of Further Material in Medical Physics S829 and a member of the module team for Radiotherapy and its Physics S819. In addition, I am a study advisor for the NMR component of Practical Science S288. My activities on these modules include preparing tutor marked assignments, exam questions, core materials, and slide-casts. I also give on-line tutorials, answer students’ questions on forums, monitor marking and tutor feedback, examine end-of-module presentations, and am a member of the S809 (Imaging in Medicine), S819, and S829 exam boards.

I have previously tutored at the Electromagnetism: Experiments, Applications, and Simulations SMXR359 andQuantum Mechanics: Experiments, Applications, and Simulations SMXR358 residential schools. I have also prepared ebooks forSport: the Science Behind the Medals S172, marked exams for The Physical World S207, and delivered post-graduate training lectures at the OU and the New University of Lisbon.

Prior to joining the OU, I contributed to training prospective lycée physics teachers (CAPES) in experimental demonstration at the University of Lyon 1 (2004) and worked as a postgraduate teaching assistant at University College London (2002-03).

 

Research groups

NameTypeParent Unit
Atomic, Molecular and Optical Research GroupGroupFaculty of Science
Centre for Earth, Planetary, Space and Astronomical Research (CEPSAR)CentreFaculty of Science

 

Externally funded projects

Probing the fundamental mechanisms of DNA radio-sensitization by nanoparticles
RoleStart dateEnd dateFunding source
Lead01 May 201730 Apr 2019Sir John Mason Academic Trust

Nanoparticle-based radio-sensitization is thought to produce a radiation-induced release of electrons from gold electronic orbitals that then react with the surrounding water and dissolved oxygen to produce reactive species (particularly oxygen species) that damage nearby proteins, DNA, RNA, and cell organelles. In addition, the electrons are expected to damage DNA and RNA (and indeed other critical biological macromolecules) in a more direct manner through dissociative electron attachment (DEA). However, whereas extensive radiobiological research is currently in progress worldwide into the potential therapeutic applications of nanoparticles, the fundamental physical mechanisms underpinning nanoparticle radio-sensitization have been studied relatively sparsely. In particular, the relative contribution of DEA has not been assessed conclusively. This project brings together an international team of researchers with expertise in DEA (OU, BAM), solution-phase radiochemistry (BAM, FCT/UNL), and UV spectroscopy (OU, BAM, FCT/UNL). The aim is to probe damage processes in key DNA subunits (nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides) initiated by the electrons emitted from gold nanoparticles that have been excited using a pulsed laser. The damage in the biomolecules will be identified by in-situ UV spectroscopy. The technique has been pioneered by Bald and co-workers (BAM) and will be further developed in this project. Focusing on DNA subunits will enable detailed comparisons to be drawn with electron scattering experiments and calculations, maximising the opportunity to trace the observed damage to specific nanoscale physical processes. Collaborations with Dr Stefano Caprasecca (University of Pisa) and Prof Andrey Solovyov (MBN Explorer) will support the experimental programme.

Achievement of Excellence in Electron Processes for Future Technologies
RoleStart dateEnd dateFunding source
Co-investigator01 Jan 201631 Mar 2019EC (European Commission): FP (inc. Horizon Europe, H2020, ERC)

This H2020 Twinning project ‘Achievement of Excellence in Electron Processes for Future Technologies’ (ELEvaTE) is aimed at advancing the excellence of the Electron and Plasma Physics Laboratory (EPPL) in the Faculty of Mathematics Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava such that it becomes a centre of international excellence and an exemplar for other Slovakian HEI while furthering the Strategy for Smart Specialization of the Slovak Republic. The goal of the ELEvaTE is to provide the EPPL opportunity to learn from partners to achieve ambition of creating a centre of excellence. ELEvaTE will twin EPPL with the Molecular Physics Group at the Open University (OU) in United Kingdom and Nano-Bio-Group at the Institute for Ion Physics and Applied Physics at the University of Innsbruck (UI). The OU is exceptional in results dissemination and the UI combines research with enterprise (e.g. ‘spin out’ company Ionicon, world's leading producer of PTRMS), both are exemplars of ‘widening participation and gender sensitive research’ and are strong in preparing IPR.

Publications

Electron ionization induced fragmentation pathways of trichloroanisole (2023-10-07)
Mendes, Mónica; Bou-Debes, Daniel; Eden, Samuel; Bundaleski, Nenad; Teodoro, Orlando M. N. D.; Cornetta, Lucas M. and Ferreira da Silva, Filipe
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics(37) (pp. 25361-25367)

Electronically excited states of formic acid investigated by theoretical and experimental methods (2023-03-15)
Randi, P. A. S.; Pastega, D. F.; Bettega, M. H. F.; Jones, N. C.; Hoffmann, S. V.; Eden, S.; Souza Barbosa, A. and Limão-Vieira, P.
Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 289, Article 122237

Thermal desorption effects on fragment ion production from multi-photon ionized uridine and selected analogues (2021)
Bockova, J.; Rebelo, A.; Ryszka, M.; Pandey, R.; Mészáros, D.; Limão-Vieira, P.; Papp, P.; Mason, N. J.; Townsend, D.; Nixon, K. L.; Vizcaino, V.; Poully, J.-C. and Eden, S.
RSC Advances, 11(34) (pp. 20612-20621)

Mass Spectral Signatures of Complex Post-Translational Modifications in Proteins: A Proof-of-Principle Based on X-ray Irradiated Vancomycin (2020-08-05)
Abdelmouleh, Marwa; , and ,
Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry, 31(8) (pp. 1738-1743)

Kinetics of molecular decomposition under irradiation of gold nanoparticles with nanosecond laser pulses—A 5-Bromouracil case study (2020)
Marques, Telma S.; Schürmann, Robin; Ebel, Kenny; Heck, Christian; Śmiałek, Małgorzata A.; Eden, Sam; Mason, Nigel and Bald, Ilko
The Journal of Chemical Physics, 152, Article 124712(12)

Decomposition of halogenated nucleobases by surface plasmon resonance excitation of gold nanoparticles (2020)
Marques, Telma S.; Śmiałek, Małgorzata A.; Schürmann, Robin; Bald, Ilko; Raposo, Maria; Eden, Sam and Mason, Nigel J.
The European Physical Journal D, 74, Article 222(11)

Fragmentation processes of ionized 5-fluorouracil in the gas phase and within clusters (2019-08-27)
van der Burgt, Peter J. M.; Brown, Michael A.; Bockova, Janka; Rebelo, Andre; Ryszka, Michal; Poully, Jean-Christophe and Eden, Sam
The European Physical Journal D, 73(8) (pp. 1-13)

Mapping the complex metastable fragmentation pathways of excited 3-aminophenol+ (2019-08)
Bockova, Janka; Rebelo, Andre; , ; , ; , and ,
International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 442 (pp. 95-101)

Communication: Site-selective bond excision of adenine upon electron transfer (2018-01-11)
Cunha, T.; Mendes, M.; Ferreira da Silva, F.; Eden, S.; García, G. and Limão-Vieira, P.
Journal of Chemical Physics, 148, Article 21101(2)

Electron transfer driven decomposition of adenine and selected analogs as probed by experimental and theoretical methods (2018)
Cunha, T.; Mendes, M.; Ferreira da Silva, F.; Eden, S.; García, G.; Bacchus-Montabonel, M.-C. and Limão-Vieira, P.
The Journal of Chemical Physics, 148, Article 134301(13)

Ultraviolet relaxation dynamics in uracil: Time-resolved photoion yield studies using a laser-based thermal desorption source (2018)
Ghafur, Omair; Crane, Stuart W.; Ryszka, Michal; Bockova, Jana; Rebelo, Andre; Saalbach, Lisa; De Camillis, Simone; Greenwood, Jason B.; Eden, Samuel and Townsend, Dave
The Journal of Chemical Physics, 149, Article 34301(3)

Threshold behavior in metastable dissociation of multi-photon ionized thymine and uracil (2017-09-16)
Pandey, R.; Ryszka, M.; da Fonseca Cunha, T.; Lalande, M.; Dampc, M.; Limão-Vieira, P.; Mason, N.J.; Poully, J.C. and Eden, S.
Chemical Physics Letters, 684 (pp. 233-238)

Single-photon absorption of isolated collagen mimetic peptides and triple-helix models in the VUV-X energy range (2017-07-28)
Schwob, Lucas; Lalande, Mathieu; Rangama, Jimmy; Egorov, Dmitrii; Hoekstra, Ronnie; Pandey, Rahul; Eden, Samuel; Schatholter, Thomas; Vizcaino, Violaine and Poully, Jean-Christophe
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 19(28) (pp. 18321-18329)

Stabilities of nanohydrated thymine radical cations: insights from multiphoton ionization experiments and ab initio calculations (2017-07)
Pandey, Rahul; Lalande, Mathieu; Ryszka, Michal; Limão-Vieira, Paulo; Mason, Nigel J.; Poully, Jean-Christophe and Eden, Samuel
The European Physical Journal D, 71, Article 190(7)

Dissociative multi-photon ionization of isolated uracil and uracil-adenine complexes (2016-02-25)
Ryszka, M.; Pandey, R.; Rizk, C.; Tabet, J.; Barc, B.; Dampc, M.; Mason, N.J. and Eden, S.
International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 396 (pp. 48-54)

Electronic State Spectroscopy of Halothane As Studied by ab Initio Calculations, Vacuum Ultraviolet Synchrotron Radiation, and Electron Scattering Methods (2015-08-06)
da Silva, F. Ferreira; Duflot, D.; Hoffmann, S. V.; Jones, N. C.; Rodrigues, F. N.; Ferreira-Rodrigues, A. M.; de Souza, G. G. B.; Mason, N.J.; Eden, S. and Limão-Vieira, P.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 119(31) (pp. 8503-8511)

Formation and Fragmentation of Protonated Molecules after Ionization of Amino Acid and Lactic Acid Clusters by Collision with Ions in the Gas Phase (2015-08-03)
Poully, Jean-Christophe; Vizcaino, Violaine; Schwob, Lucas; Delaunay, Rudy; Kocisek, Jaroslav; Eden, Sam; Chesnel, Jean-Yves; Méry, Alain; Rangama, Jimmy; Adoui, Lamri and Huber, Bernd
ChemPhysChem, 16(11) (pp. 2389-2396)

Electron impact fragmentation of adenine: partial ionization cross sections for positive fragments (2015-07)
van der Burgt, Peter J. M.; Finnegan, Sinead and Eden, Samuel
The European Physical Journal D, 69, Article 173(7)

Multi-photon and electron impact ionisation studies of reactivity in adenine–water clusters (2014-05-15)
Barc, B.; Ryszka, M.; Poully, J.-C.; Jabbour Al Maalouf, E.; el Otell, Z.; Tabet, J.; Parajuli, R.; van der Burgt, P.J.M.; Limão-Vieira, P.; Cahillane, P.; Dampc, M.; Mason, N. J. and Eden, S.
International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 365-366 (pp. 194-199)

New Fragmentation Pathways in K-THF Collisions as Studied by Electron Transfer Experiments: Negative Ion Formation (2014-01-30)
Almeida, D; da Silva, F; Eden, Sam; Garcia, G and Limao-Vieira, P
Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 118(4) (pp. 690-696)

Multi-photon ionization and fragmentation of uracil: neutral excited-state ring opening and hydration effects (2013-12-31)
Barc, B.; Ryszka, M.; Spurrell, J.; Dampc, M.; Limão-Vieira, P.; Parajuli, R.; Mason, N. and Eden, S.
Journal of Chemical Physics, 139, Article 244311

Mass spectrometry of anions and cations produced in 1-4 keV H-, O-, and OH- collisions with nitromethane, water, ethanol, and methanol (2012-02-01)
Almeida, D.; Antunes, R.; Garcia, G.; McCullough, R. W.; Eden, S. and Limão-Vieira, P.
International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 311 (pp. 7-16)

A new experimental set-up designed for the investigation of irradiation of nanosystems in the gas phase: a high intensity mass-and-energy selected cluster beam (2012-01)
Bruny, G.; Eden, S.; Feil, S.; Fillol, R.; El Farkh, K.; Harb, M. M.; Teyssier, C.; Ouaskit, S.; Abdoul-Carime, H.; Farizon, B.; Farizon, M. and Mark, T. D.
Review of Scientific Instruments, 83, Article 13305(1)

Electron transfer processes in potassium collisions with 5-fluorouracil and 5-chlorouracil (2011)
Ferreira da Silva, F.; Almeida, D.; Antunes, R.; Martins, G.; Nunes, Y.; Eden, S.; Garcia, G. and Limão-Vieira, P.
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 13(48) (pp. 21621-21629)

Electron transfer-induced fragmentation of thymine and uracil in atom-molecule collisions (2011)
Almeida, D.; Antunes, R.; Martins, G.; Eden, S.; Ferreira da Silva, F.; Nunes, Y.; Garcia, G. and Limão-Vieira, P.
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 13(34) (pp. 15657-15665)

Absolute molecular flux and angular distribution measurements to characterize DNA/RNA vapor jets (2010-08)
Tabet, J.; Eden, S.; Feil, S.; Abdoul-Carime, H.; Farizon, B.; Farizon, M.; Ouaskit, S. and Märk, T. D.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, 268(15) (pp. 2458-2466)

Absolute total and partial cross sections for ionization of nucleobases by proton impact in the Bragg Peak velocity range (2010-08)
Tabet, J.; Eden, S.; Feil, S.; Abdoul-Carime, H.; Farizon, B.; Farizon, M.; Ouaskit, S. and Märk, T. D.
Physical Review A, 82, Article 22703(2)

Mass spectrometry (fragmentation ratios) of DNA base molecules following 80 keV proton impact with separation of direct ionization and electron capture processes (2010-05)
Tabet, J.; Eden, S.; Feil, S.; Abdoul-Carime, H.; Farizon, B.; Farizon, M.; Ouaskit, S. and Märk, T. D.
International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 292(1-3) (pp. 53-63)

20–150-keV proton-impact-induced ionization of uracil: Fragmentation ratios and branching ratios for electron capture and direct ionization (2010-01)
Tabet, J.; Eden, S.; Feil, S.; Abdoul-Carime, H.; Farizon, B.; Farizon, M.; Ouaskit, S. and Märk, T. D.
Physical Review A, 81(1) (p 12711)

Valence shell electronic spectroscopy of isoprene studied by theoretical calculations and by electron scattering, photoelectron, and absolute photoabsorption measurements (2009-10)
Martins, G.; Ferreira-Rodrigues, A. M.; Rodrigues, F. N.; de Souza, G. G. B.; Mason, N. J.; Eden, S.; Duflot, D.; Flament, J.-P.; Hoffmann, S. V.; Delwiche, J.; Hubin-Franskin, M.-J. and Limão-Vieira, P.
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 11(47) (pp. 11219-11231)

Microscopic studies of atom-water collisions (2009-08-15)
Wang, Z. P.; Dinh, P. M.; Reinhard, P. -G.; Suraud, E.; Bruny, G.; Montano, C.; Feil, S.; Eden, S.; Abdoul-Carime, H.; Farizon, B.; Farizon, M.; Ouaskit, S. and Märk, T. D.
International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 285(3) (pp. 143-148)

Photoabsorption measurements and theoretical calculations of the electronic state spectroscopy of propionic, butyric, and valeric acids (2009-07-21)
Vicente, A.; Antunes, R.; Almeida, D.; Franco, I. J. A.; Hoffmann, S. V.; Mason, N. J.; Eden, S.; Duflot, D.; Canneaux, S.; Delwiche, J.; Hubin-Franskin, M.-J. and Limão-Vieira, P.
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 11(27) (pp. 5729-5741)

Iodopentafluorobenzene: Electronic state spectroscopy by high resolution vacuum ultraviolet photoabsorption and photoelectron spectroscopy (2009)
Eden, S.; Hubin-Franskin, M.-J.; Delwiche, J.; Hoffmann, S.V.; Mason, N.J. and Jones, N
Chemical Physics, 359(1-3) (pp. 111-117)

Electronic state spectroscopy of C2Cl4 (2009)
Eden, S.; Barc, B.; Mason, N. J.; Hoffmann, S. V.; Nunes, Y. and Limão-Vieira, P.
Chemical Physics, 365(3) (pp. 150-157)

Electronic spectroscopy of bromopentafluorobenzene by high-resolution vacuum ultraviolet photoabsorption, electron impact, and photoelectron spectroscopies (2008)
Deprez, N.; Eden, S.; Hoffman, S. V. and Mason, N. J.
International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 277(1-3) (pp. 35-40)

The VUV electronic spectroscopy of acetone studied by synchrotron radiation (2008)
Nobre, M.; Fernandes, A.; Ferreira da Silva, F.; Antunes, R.; Almeida, D.; Kokhan, V.; Hoffmann, S. V.; Mason, N. J.; Eden, S. P and Limão-Vieira, P.
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 10(4) (pp. 550-560)

Absolute partial cross sections for the destruction of H2 and H3+ in collisions with helium atoms at 50 and 60 keV/amu (2008)
Tabet, J.; Eden, S.; Gobet, F.; Farizon, B.; Farizon, M.; Ouaskit, S. and Märk, T. D.
International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 272(1) (pp. 48-56)

VUV spectroscopy of CH3Cl and CH3I (2007-01)
Eden, S.; Limao-Vieira, P.; Hoffmann, S. V. and Mason, N. J.
Chemical Physics, 331(2-3) (pp. 232-244)

Electron-loss and target ionization cross sections for water vapor by 20–150 keV neutral atomic hydrogen impact (2006-04-03)
Gobet, F.; Eden, S.; Coupier, B.; Tabet, J.; Farizon, B.; Farizon, M.; Gaillard, M. J.; Ouaskit, S.; Carré, M. and Märk, T. D.
Chemical Physics Letters, 421(1-3) (pp. 68-71)

Absolute cross sections for the dissociation of hydrogen cluster ions in high-energy collisions with helium atoms (2006-02-17)
Eden, S.; Tabet, J.; Samraoui, K.; Louc, S.; Farizon, B.; Farizon, M.; Ouaskit, S. and Märk, T. D.
Physical Review A, 73, Article 23201(2)

VUV photoabsorption in CF3X (X = Cl, Br, I) fluoro-alkanes (2006)
Eden, S.; Limão-Vieira, P.; Hoffmann, S. V. and Mason, N.
Chemical Physics, 323(2-3) (pp. 313-333)

Ionization of water by (20–150)-keV protons: Separation of direct-ionization and electron-capture processes (2004-12)
Gobet, F.; Eden, S.; Coupier, B.; Tabet, J.; Farizon, B.; Farizon, M.; Gaillard, M. J.; Carré, M.; Ouaskit, S.; Märk, T. D. and Scheier, P.
Physical Review A, 70, Article 62716(6)

An experimental study of SF5CF3 by electron energy loss spectroscopy, VUV photo-absorption, and photoelectron spectroscopy (2004-04-15)
Limão-Vieira, P.; Eden, S.; Kendall, P. A.; Mason, N. J.; Giuliani, A.; Heinesch, J.; Hubin-Franskin, M. -J.; Delwiche, J. and Hoffmann, S. V.
International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 233(1-3) (pp. 335-341)

Electronic excitation of tetrafluoroethylene, C2F4 (2004-02)
Eden, S.; Limão-Vieira, P.; Kendall, P. A.; Mason, N. J.; Delwiche, J.; Hubin-Franskin, M.-J.; Tanaka, T.; Kitajima, M.; Tanaka, H.; Cho, H. and Hoffmann, S. V.
Chemical Physics, 297(1-3) (pp. 257-269)

Ozone generation in a negative corona discharge fed with N2O and O2 (2004)
Skalny, J. D.; Matejcik, S.; Mikoviny, T.; Eden, S. and Mason, N. J.
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 37(7) (pp. 1052-1057)

VUV photoabsorption by hexafluoropropene (2003-09-19)
Eden, S.; Limão-Vieira, P.; Hoffmann, S. V. and Mason, N. J.
Chemical Physics Letters, 379(1-2) (pp. 170-176)

Absolute photo-absorption cross sections and electronic state spectroscopy of selected fluorinated hydrocarbons relevant to the plasma processing industry (2003-09)
Limão-Vieira, P.; Eden, S. and Mason, N. J.
Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 68(1-2) (pp. 187-192)

High resolution photo-absorption studies of acrylonitrile, C2H3CN, and acetonitrile, CH3CN (2003-09)
Eden, S.; Limão-Vieira, P.; Kendall, P.; Mason, N. J.; Hoffmann, S. V. and Spyrou, S. M.
European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 26(2) (pp. 201-210)

Electronic state spectroscopy of acetaldehyde, CH3CHO, by high-resolution VUV photo-absorption (2003-07-31)
Limão-Vieira, P.; Eden, S.; Mason, N. J. and Hoffmann, S. V.
Chemical Physics Letters, 376(5-6) (pp. 737-747)

Temperature dependent high-resolution infrared photoabsorption cross sections of trifluoromethyl sulphur pentafluoride (2003-02-01)
Kendall, P.; Mason, N. J.; Buchanan, G. A.; Marston, G.; Tegeder, P.; Dawes, A.; Eden, S.; Limão-Vieira, P. and Newnham, D. A.
Chemical Physics, 287(1-2) (pp. 137-142)

VUV and low energy electron impact study of electronic state spectroscopy of CF3I (2003-01-15)
Mason, N. J.; Limão-Vieira, P.; Eden, S.; Kendall, P.; Pathak, S.; Dawes, A.; Tennyson, J.; Tegeder, P.; Kitajima, M.; Okamoto, M.; Sunohara, K.; Tanaka, H.; Cho, H.; Samukawa, S.; Hoffmann, S. V.; Newnham, D. and Spyrou, S. M.
International Journal of Mass Spectrometry, 223 (pp. 647-660)

Electron and photon induced processes in SF5CF3 (2003)
Limão-Vieira, P.; Kendall, P. A.; Eden, S.; Mason, N. J.; Heinesch, J.; Hubin-Franskin, M.-J.; Delwiche, J. and Giuliani, A.
Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 68(1-2) (pp. 193-197)

High resolution VUV photoabsorption cross section for dimethylsulphide, (CH3)2S (2002-12-10)
Limão-Vieira, P.; Eden, S.; Kendall, P. A.; Mason, N. J. and Hoffmann, S. V.
Chemical Physics Letters, 366(3-4) (pp. 343-349)

Low-energy electron impact elastic and inelastic scattering from CF3I (2002)
Kitajima, M.; Okamoto, M.; Sunohara, K.; Tanaka, H.; Cho, H.; Samukawa, S.; Eden, S. and Mason, N. J.
Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 35(15) (pp. 3257-3263)

Electron and photon impact studies of CF3I (2005)
Eden, S.; Limão-Vieira, P.; Mason, N. J.; Kitajima, M.; Okamoto, M.; Tanaka, H.; Newnham, D. and Hoffmann, S.
In: Whelan, Colm T. and Mason, Nigel J. eds. Electron Scattering from Atoms, Nuclei, Molecules and Bulk Matter (pp. 33-43)
ISBN : 9780306487019 | Publisher : Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers | Published : New York, NY U.S.